# HP-UX-三级等保现场测评命令单

LLMS index: [llms.txt](/wikis/llms.txt)

---

> 示例版本：HP-UX 11i v3（11.31 / B.11.31）

> 说明：HPE 官方资料可直接支撑 11i v3 对应版本号 11.31；对随安装介质变化的 OE 名称仅保留关键字段预期。

## 系统版本核查

```bash
uname -r
```
- 预期现象：示例输出关键字段为 B.11.31。

<details class="td-details"><summary>示例输出（节选）</summary><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl">B.11.31
</span></span></code></pre></div>
</details>


```bash
ifconfig
```
- 预期现象：应显示网络接口和 IP 信息。

<details class="td-details"><summary>示例输出（节选）</summary><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl">lan0: <span class="nv">flags</span><span class="o">=</span>843&lt;UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST&gt;
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">        inet 192.168.10.21 netmask ffffff00 broadcast 192.168.10.255
</span></span></code></pre></div>
</details>


```bash
swlist HPUX*OE*
```
- 预期现象：关键字段通常包含 B.11.31，完整 OE 名称随已安装介质而异。

<details class="td-details"><summary>示例输出（节选）</summary><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl">HPUX11i-OE                          B.11.31        HP-UX 11i v3 Operating Environment
</span></span></code></pre></div>
</details>



## 账户与口令策略核查

```bash
cat /etc/hosts.equiv
```
- 预期现象：部分主机该文件可能不存在；如存在则应显示信任主机配置。

<details class="td-details"><summary>示例输出（节选）</summary><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl">cat: 该文件不存在（部分主机未部署此文件）
</span></span></code></pre></div>
</details>


```bash
find / -name .rhosts
```
- 预期现象：存在 .rhosts 文件时应输出路径。

<details class="td-details"><summary>示例输出（节选）</summary><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl">/users/app/.rhosts
</span></span></code></pre></div>
</details>


```bash
cat /etc/passwd
```
- 预期现象：应列出本地账户。

<details class="td-details"><summary>示例输出（节选）</summary><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl">root:x:0:3:superuser:/:/sbin/sh
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">bin:x:2:2:bin:/usr/bin:/sbin/sh
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">appadm:x:101:20::/home/appadm:/usr/bin/sh
</span></span></code></pre></div>
</details>


```bash
cat /etc/group
```
- 预期现象：应列出本地组。

<details class="td-details"><summary>示例输出（节选）</summary><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl">root::0:root,other
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">users::20:appadm,dev01
</span></span></code></pre></div>
</details>


```bash
cat /etc/default/security
```
- 预期现象：应显示安全策略配置。

<details class="td-details"><summary>示例输出（节选）</summary><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"># /etc/default/security（节选）</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nv">MIN_PASSWORD_LENGTH</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="m">8</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nv">PASSWORD_HISTORY_DEPTH</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="m">5</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nv">AUTH_MAXTRIES</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="m">5</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nv">PASSWORD_MIN_DAYS</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="m">1</span>
</span></span></code></pre></div>
</details>


```bash
cat /etc/default/passwd
```
- 预期现象：应显示口令策略；部分资产可能无该文件。

<details class="td-details"><summary>示例输出（节选）</summary><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nv">HISTSIZE</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="m">5</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nv">MIN_PASSWORD_LENGTH</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="m">8</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"># PASSWORD_WARNDAYS=7</span>
</span></span></code></pre></div>
</details>


```bash
cat /etc/profile
```
- 预期现象：应显示登录超时控制参数。

<details class="td-details"><summary>示例输出（节选）</summary><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"># Set login timeout</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nv">TMOUT</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="m">600</span> <span class="p">;</span> <span class="nb">export</span> TMOUT
</span></span></code></pre></div>
</details>



## 远程接入与服务核查

```bash
cat /etc/ssh/sshd_config
```
- 预期现象：应显示 SSH 服务端配置，可核查认证与算法参数。

<details class="td-details"><summary>示例输出（节选）</summary><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"># sshd_config（节选）</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">PermitRootLogin no
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">MaxAuthTries <span class="m">4</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">PasswordAuthentication yes
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">Protocol <span class="m">2</span>
</span></span></code></pre></div>
</details>


```bash
ssh -Q cipher
```
- 预期现象：安装 OpenSSH 客户端时应列出支持的对称加密算法。

<details class="td-details"><summary>示例输出（节选）</summary><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl">3des-cbc
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">aes128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">aes128-ctr,aes256-ctr,...
</span></span></code></pre></div>
</details>


```bash
ssh -Q mac
```
- 预期现象：安装 OpenSSH 客户端时应列出支持的 MAC 算法。

<details class="td-details"><summary>示例输出（节选）</summary><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl">hmac-sha1
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">hmac-sha2-256
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">hmac-sha2-512
</span></span></code></pre></div>
</details>


```bash
ssh -Q kex
```
- 预期现象：安装 OpenSSH 客户端时应列出支持的密钥交换算法。

<details class="td-details"><summary>示例输出（节选）</summary><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl">diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">diffie-hellman-group14-sha256
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">ecdh-sha2-nistp256
</span></span></code></pre></div>
</details>


```bash
ssh -Q key
```
- 预期现象：安装 OpenSSH 客户端时应列出支持的主机密钥/公钥算法。

<details class="td-details"><summary>示例输出（节选）</summary><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl">ssh-rsa,rsa-sha2-256,rsa-sha2-512,ecdsa-sha2-nistp256
</span></span></code></pre></div>
</details>


```bash
ssh -V
```
- 预期现象：应输出 OpenSSH 版本号。

<details class="td-details"><summary>示例输出（节选）</summary><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl">OpenSSH_8.4p1 HP-UX Secure Shell-A.08.40.001, OpenSSL 1.1.1t  <span class="m">30</span> Apr <span class="m">2023</span>
</span></span></code></pre></div>
</details>


```bash
ps -elf | grep ftp
```
- 预期现象：运行 FTP 时应显示 ftp 相关进程。

<details class="td-details"><summary>示例输出（节选）</summary><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl">  appadm  <span class="m">4722</span>     <span class="m">1</span>  <span class="m">0</span> 08:00:01 ?         0:00 /usr/lbin/ftpd -l -a
</span></span></code></pre></div>
</details>


```bash
ps -elf | grep ssh
```
- 预期现象：运行 SSH 时应显示 ssh 相关进程。

<details class="td-details"><summary>示例输出（节选）</summary><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl">    root  <span class="m">3810</span>     <span class="m">1</span>  <span class="m">0</span>  Mar <span class="m">14</span>  ?         0:02 /opt/ssh/sbin/sshd -D
</span></span></code></pre></div>
</details>


```bash
ps -elf | grep telnet
```
- 预期现象：运行 Telnet 时应显示 telnet 相关进程。

<details class="td-details"><summary>示例输出（节选）</summary><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl">  appadm  <span class="m">5120</span>  <span class="m">3801</span>  <span class="m">0</span> 08:15:22 pts/tb    0:00 grep telnet
</span></span></code></pre></div>
</details>


```bash
netstat -an | grep 21
```
- 预期现象：启用 FTP 时应看到 21 端口监听或连接信息。

<details class="td-details"><summary>示例输出（节选）</summary><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl">tcp        <span class="m">0</span>      <span class="m">0</span>  *.21               *.*                 LISTEN
</span></span></code></pre></div>
</details>


```bash
netstat -an | grep 22
```
- 预期现象：启用 SSH 时应看到 22 端口监听或连接信息。

<details class="td-details"><summary>示例输出（节选）</summary><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl">tcp        <span class="m">0</span>      <span class="m">0</span>  *.22               *.*                 LISTEN
</span></span></code></pre></div>
</details>


```bash
netstat -an | grep 23
```
- 预期现象：启用 Telnet 时应看到 23 端口监听或连接信息。

<details class="td-details"><summary>示例输出（节选）</summary><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl">tcp        <span class="m">0</span>      <span class="m">0</span>  *.23               *.*                 LISTEN
</span></span></code></pre></div>
</details>


```bash
cat /etc/inetd.conf
```
- 预期现象：应显示 inetd 管理的服务配置。

<details class="td-details"><summary>示例输出（节选）</summary><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl">telnet stream tcp nowait root /usr/lbin/telnetd telnetd
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">ftp     stream tcp nowait root /usr/lbin/ftpd    ftpd -l -a
</span></span></code></pre></div>
</details>


```bash
cat /var/adm/inetd.sec
```
- 预期现象：应显示 inetd 安全控制配置。

<details class="td-details"><summary>示例输出（节选）</summary><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl">ftp     allow   192.168.10.*
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">telnet  deny    *
</span></span></code></pre></div>
</details>


```bash
cat /etc/securetty
```
- 预期现象：应显示 root 可登录终端定义。

<details class="td-details"><summary>示例输出（节选）</summary><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl">console
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">/dev/pts/*
</span></span></code></pre></div>
</details>



## 安全审计核查

```bash
ps -ef | grep syslog
```
- 预期现象：运行 syslog 时应显示相关进程。

<details class="td-details"><summary>示例输出（节选）</summary><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl">    root  <span class="m">2744</span>     <span class="m">1</span>  <span class="m">0</span>  Mar <span class="m">14</span>  ?         0:05 /usr/sbin/syslogd -D
</span></span></code></pre></div>
</details>


```bash
cat /etc/syslog.conf
```
- 预期现象：应显示日志记录和转发配置。

<details class="td-details"><summary>示例输出（节选）</summary><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"># syslog.conf（节选）</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">*.info<span class="p">;</span>mail.none       /var/adm/syslog/syslog.log
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">*.alert                /dev/console
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">*.debug                @logsvr.example.internal
</span></span></code></pre></div>
</details>


```bash
ls -l /etc/syslog.conf
```
- 预期现象：应显示日志配置文件权限。

<details class="td-details"><summary>示例输出（节选）</summary><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl">-rw-r--r--   <span class="m">1</span> root     root         <span class="m">412</span> Nov <span class="m">10</span>  <span class="m">2023</span> /etc/syslog.conf
</span></span></code></pre></div>
</details>


```bash
ls -l /var/.audit/audfile1
```
- 预期现象：应显示审计文件权限；文件不存在时应结合现场确认审计实现方式。

<details class="td-details"><summary>示例输出（节选）</summary><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl">-rw-r-----   <span class="m">1</span> root     audit       <span class="m">2048</span> Aug <span class="m">21</span> 09:30 /var/.audit/audfile1
</span></span></code></pre></div>
</details>


```bash
ls -l /var/.audit/audfile2
```
- 预期现象：应显示审计文件权限；文件不存在时应结合现场确认审计实现方式。

<details class="td-details"><summary>示例输出（节选）</summary><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl">-rw-r-----   <span class="m">1</span> root     audit       <span class="m">2048</span> Aug <span class="m">21</span> 09:45 /var/.audit/audfile2
</span></span></code></pre></div>
</details>


```bash
ls -l /var/adm/syslog/*.log
```
- 预期现象：应显示日志文件权限。

<details class="td-details"><summary>示例输出（节选）</summary><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl">-rw-rw-rw-   <span class="m">1</span> root     root     <span class="m">5242880</span> Aug <span class="m">21</span> 18:00 /var/adm/syslog/syslog.log
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">-rw-r--r--   <span class="m">1</span> root     root      <span class="m">262144</span> Aug <span class="m">20</span> 23:55 /var/adm/syslog/mail.log
</span></span></code></pre></div>
</details>


```bash
tail -100 /var/adm/syslog/syslog.log
```
- 预期现象：应输出最近 100 行 syslog 日志。

<details class="td-details"><summary>示例输出（节选）</summary><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl">Aug <span class="m">21</span> 08:00:03 demo-hpux01 sshd<span class="o">[</span>4122<span class="o">]</span>: Accepted password <span class="k">for</span> appadm from 192.168.10.33 port <span class="m">51244</span> ssh2
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">Aug <span class="m">21</span> 08:02:11 demo-hpux01 vmunix: Ethernet lan0 link up at <span class="m">1000</span> Mbps
</span></span></code></pre></div>
</details>


```bash
tail -20 /var/adm/sulog
```
- 预期现象：应输出最近 su 日志。

<details class="td-details"><summary>示例输出（节选）</summary><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl">SU 08/21 09:12 + pts/tb appadm-root
</span></span></code></pre></div>
</details>


```bash
tail -20 /var/adm/messages
```
- 预期现象：应输出最近系统日志。

<details class="td-details"><summary>示例输出（节选）</summary><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl">Aug <span class="m">21</span> 06:25:01 demo-hpux01 cron<span class="o">[</span>3011<span class="o">]</span>: <span class="o">(</span>root<span class="o">)</span> CMD <span class="o">(</span>/usr/bin/find /var/tmp -atime +7 -delete<span class="o">)</span>
</span></span></code></pre></div>
</details>



## 访问控制与最小安装核查

```bash
cat /etc/hosts.allow
```
- 预期现象：应显示允许地址规则；未配置时可能为空。

<details class="td-details"><summary>示例输出（节选）</summary><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"># 未配置时文件可能为空或不存在</span>
</span></span></code></pre></div>
</details>


```bash
cat /etc/hosts.deny
```
- 预期现象：应显示拒绝地址规则；未配置时可能为空。

<details class="td-details"><summary>示例输出（节选）</summary><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"># 未配置时文件可能为空或不存在</span>
</span></span></code></pre></div>
</details>


```bash
swlist -l bundle
```
- 预期现象：应列出已安装的软件包束。

<details class="td-details"><summary>示例输出（节选）</summary><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl">BUNDLE      SOFTWARE                                   STATE   REV
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">HPUX11i-OE  B.11.31.2209                               applied
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">GNUSW-Utils B.11.31.0706                               configured
</span></span></code></pre></div>
</details>



## 时间同步与计划任务核查

```bash
crontab -l
```
- 预期现象：应显示当前用户计划任务；无任务时可能为空或提示无计划任务。

<details class="td-details"><summary>示例输出（节选）</summary><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl">crontab: you are not authorized to use cron.
</span></span></code></pre></div>
</details>


```bash
ps -ef | grep xntpd
```
- 预期现象：启用 NTP 服务时通常会看到 xntpd 进程；未启用时通常无有效结果。

<details class="td-details"><summary>示例输出（节选）</summary><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl">    root  <span class="m">2980</span>     <span class="m">1</span>  <span class="m">0</span>  Mar <span class="m">14</span>  ?         0:00 /usr/sbin/xntpd
</span></span></code></pre></div>
</details>



## 入侵防范核查

```bash
grep -E '^(PermitRootLogin|LoginGraceTime|MaxAuthTries|AllowUsers|DenyUsers|AllowGroups|DenyGroups)' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
```
- 预期现象：应能看到 SSH 暴力破解防护与访问控制相关参数。

<details class="td-details"><summary>示例输出（节选）</summary><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl">PermitRootLogin no
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">LoginGraceTime <span class="m">60</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">MaxAuthTries <span class="m">4</span>
</span></span></code></pre></div>
</details>


```bash
sshd -T | egrep 'permitrootlogin|logingracetime|maxauthtries|allowusers|denyusers|allowgroups|denygroups'
```
- 预期现象：应输出 SSH 服务端当前生效的对应参数值。

<details class="td-details"><summary>示例输出（节选）</summary><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl">permitrootlogin no
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">logingracetime <span class="m">60</span>
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">maxauthtries <span class="m">4</span>
</span></span></code></pre></div>
</details>



## 安全基线与完整性核查

```bash
cat /etc/motd
```
- 预期现象：应显示登录后提示或告警内容（如已配置）。

<details class="td-details"><summary>示例输出（节选）</summary><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl">******************************************************************
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">*  本系统仅供授权人员使用，操作将被审计并记录。                  *
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">******************************************************************
</span></span></code></pre></div>
</details>
